M. Charles Liberman
Michael Charles Liberman (July 17, 1950) was born to Alvin Liberman and Isabelle Liberman in Storrs, Connecticut. He is now Director of…
Macaulay Library
The Macaulay Library is the world's largest archive of animal media. It includes more than 84 million photographs, 3.2 million audio…
MADI
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI) standardized as AES10 by the Audio Engineering Society (AES) defines the data format and…
Magic Mic
Magic Mic is a trademark of karaoke microphones manufactured by Enter Tech that have embedded songs and require an external video display…
Magnetic-tape data storage
Magnetic-tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording. Commercial magnetic tape…
Magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula Fe2+Fe3+2O4. It is one of the oxides of iron, and is…
Magnetophon
Magnetophon was the brand or model name of the pioneering reel-to-reel tape recorder developed by engineers of the German electronics…
Magnetostatic loudspeaker
A magnetostatic loudspeaker is a dipole loudspeaker that is similar to an electrostatic loudspeaker but uses high currents instead of…
Magnitizdat
Magnitizdat (Russian: магнитиздат, lit. 'tape-recorded publishing') was the process of copying and distributing audio tape recordings that…
Mains hum
Mains hum, electric hum, cycle hum, or power line hum is a sound associated with alternating current which is twice the frequency of the…
Major and minor
In Western music, the adjectives major and minor may describe an interval, chord, scale, or key. A composition, movement, section, or…
Major second
In Western music theory, a major second (sometimes also called whole tone or a whole step) is a second spanning two semitones. A second…
Major seventh
In music from Western culture, a seventh is a musical interval encompassing seven staff positions (see Interval number for more details)…
Major third
In music theory, a third is a musical interval encompassing three staff positions (see Interval number for more details), and the major…
Make the World Go Away
"Make the World Go Away'" is a country song composed by Hank Cochran. It has become a Top 40 popular success three times: for Timi Yuro…
Malleus
The malleus, or hammer, is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear. It connects with the incus, and is attached to the…
Mama Tried (song)
"Mama Tried" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Merle Haggard and The Strangers. It was released in July…
Management of hearing loss
Treatment depends on the specific cause if known as well as the extent, type, and configuration of the hearing loss. Most hearing loss…
Mande languages
The Mande languages are a family of languages spoken in several countries in West Africa by the Mandé peoples. They include Maninka…
Mapleson Cylinders
The Mapleson Cylinders are a group of about 140 phonograph cylinders recorded live at the Metropolitan Opera House, primarily between 1901…
Marantz HD77
HD77 is a model name of Marantz 4-way high-fidelity loudspeakers produced during the mid-1970s. They were bass reflex speakers but came…
Marantz PMD-660
Manufactured by Marantz, the Marantz PMD-660 is a portable, solid-state, compact flash audio field recorder. It has 2 XLR (balanced)…
Margaritaville
"Margaritaville" is a 1977 song by American singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett, released on his seventh album, Changes in Latitudes, Changes…
Marine mammals and sonar
The interactions between marine mammals and sonar have been a subject of debate since the invention of the technology.
Mark Levinson ML-3
The Mark Levinson ML-3 is a 200 watt per channel dual monaural Class AB2 power amplifier that uses two Avel Lindberg toroidal transformers…
Mark Levinson No. 26
The Mark Levinson No. 26S Dual Monaural Preamplifiers used Teflon circuit boards to supposedly differentiate the No. 26 and the 26S…
Marshall Bluesbreaker
The Marshall Bluesbreaker is the popular name given to the Models 1961 and 1962 guitar amplifiers made by Marshall from 1964/65 to 1972.
Marshall JCM800
The JCM800 Series is a line of guitar amplifiers made by Marshall Amplification. The series was introduced in 1981 with the 100-watt…
Marshall JTM45
The Marshall JTM45 amplifier is the first guitar amplifier produced by the British company Marshall. It was initially produced in 1963…
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to…
Marshall Super Lead
The Marshall JMP 1959 Super Lead 100, often shortened to Super Lead or 1959, is a guitar amplifier made by Marshall between 1966 and 1981.
Marshall syndrome
Marshall syndrome is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue that can cause hearing loss. The three most common areas to be affected…
Marshall Time Modulator
The Marshall Time Modulator is an analog delay line-based musical effects device created by Stephen St. Croix that could be used to…
Martyn Stewart
Martyn Stewart is a British audio naturalist who has been described as the "David Attenborough of sound". His work has been used in many…
Masking threshold
Masking threshold within acoustics (a branch of physics that deals with topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound, and infrasound)…
Master recording
A master recording, or simply a master, is the original recording—including post-recording mixes and production edits—of an audio…
Mastering (audio)
Mastering is a form of audio post-production which is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing…
Matrix decoder
Matrix decoding is an audio technology where a small number of discrete audio channels (e.g., 2) are decoded into a larger number of…
Matrix mixer
A matrix mixer is an audio electronics device that routes multiple input audio signals to multiple outputs. It usually employs level…
McGurk effect
The McGurk effect is a perceptual phenomenon that demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception.
McIntosh MC-2300
The McIntosh MC-2300 is a solid-state power amplifier which was built by the American high-end audio company McIntosh Laboratory between…
Meagher Electronics
Meagher Electronics was a Monterey, California, company which was founded in 1947 by Jim Meagher. It included a recording studio which…
Meane
Meane (sometimes spelled mean) is a vocal music term used by English composers of polyphonic choral music during the English…
Measurement microphone calibration
In order to take a scientific measurement with a microphone, its precise sensitivity must be known (in volts per pascal). Since this may…
Mechanical filter
A mechanical filter is a signal processing filter usually used in place of an electronic filter at radio frequencies. Its purpose is the…
Mechanical index
Mechanical index (MI) is a unitless ultrasound metric originally developed by Robert Apfel and Christy Holland. It is defined as
Mechanical Workshops Wilhelm Albrecht
The Mechanical Workshops Wilhelm Albrecht (MWA) (German: Mechanische Werkstätten Wilhelm Albrecht) were founded in 1926 by the innovator…
Media control symbols
In digital electronics, analogue electronics and entertainment, the user interface may include media controls, transport controls or…
Medial geniculate nucleus
The medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) or medial geniculate body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay…
Mediant
In music, the mediant (Latin: "being in the middle") is the third scale degree of a diatonic scale, being the note halfway between the…
Medical ultrasound
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound.
Meditation
Meditation is a practice in which an individual uses a technique or combination of techniques to train attention and awareness and detach…
Medullary striae of fourth ventricle
Medullary striae of fourth ventricle are a landmark of the rhomboid fossa - the floor of the fourth ventricle. They are part of the…
Meeting for worship
A meeting for worship is what members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) call their religious service. Different branches of…
Megasonic cleaning
Megasonic cleaning is a specialized cleaning method that utilizes high-frequency sound waves to remove contaminants from delicate surfaces.
Megasound
Megasound was the name of a movie theater sound system created by Warner Bros. and was officially deployed during the early 1980s. Warner…
Mel scale
The mel scale (after the word melody) is a perceptual scale of pitches judged by listeners to be equal in distance from one another.
Membranous labyrinth
The membranous labyrinth is a collection of fluid filled tubes and chambers in the inner ear which contain the receptors for the senses of…
Meow
A meow or miaow is a cat vocalization. Meows may have a large range of sounds. Adult cats rarely meow to each other, and so adult meowing…
MERRF syndrome
MERRF syndrome (or myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers) is a mitochondrial disease. It is extremely rare, and has varying degrees of…
Mesa/Boogie Mark IIC+
The Mesa/Boogie Mark IIC+ is a guitar amplifier produced by California-based manufacturer Mesa/Boogie as part of its Mark series.
Mesa/Boogie Mark Series
The Mark Series is a line of guitar amplifiers designed and produced by California-based manufacturer Mesa/Boogie since 1972.
Mesa/Boogie Rectifier
The Mesa/Boogie Rectifier Series is a line of guitar amplifiers made by California-based manufacturer Mesa/Boogie. Introduced in 1992, the…
Meta Portal
Meta Portal (also known as Portal) is a discontinued brand of smart displays and videophones released in 2018 by Meta. The product line…
Mezzo-soprano
A mezzo-soprano, or mezzo (English: MET-soh), is a type of classical female singing voice whose vocal range lies between the soprano and…
Micro perforated plate
A micro perforated plate (MPP) is a device used to absorb sound, reducing its intensity. It consists of a thin flat plate, made from one…
Microbarom
In acoustics, microbaroms, also known as the "voice of the sea", are a class of atmospheric infrasonic waves generated in marine storms by…
Microbubble
Microbubbles are bubbles smaller than one hundredth of a millimetre in diameter, but larger than one micrometre. They have widespread…
Microcassette
The Microcassette (often written generically as microcassette) is an analog audio cassette storage format, introduced by Olympus in 1969.
Microphone array
A microphone array is any number of microphones operating in tandem. There are many applications:
Microphone practice
There are a number of well-developed microphone techniques used for recording musical, film, or voice sources or picking up sounds as part…
Microphone preamplifier
The term microphone preamplifier can either refer to the electronic circuitry within a microphone, or to a separate device or circuit that…
Microphone stand
A microphone stand is a free-standing mount for a microphone. It allows the microphone to be positioned in the studio, on stage or on…
Microphonics
Microphonics, microphony, or microphonism describes the phenomenon wherein certain components in electronic devices transform mechanical…
Microtuner
A microtuner or microtonal tuner is an electronic device or software program designed to modify and test the tuning of musical instruments…
Microwave auditory effect
The microwave auditory effect, also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect, consists of the human perception of sounds…
Mid-Ocean School of Media Arts
Mid-Ocean School of Media Arts (MOSMA) is a private vocational institution located in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Middle ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear medial to the eardrum, and distal to the oval window of the cochlea (of the inner ear).
Middle ear myoclonus
Middle ear myoclonus (MEM) is a rare disorder involving involuntary muscle contractions of the middle ear muscles, specifically the tensor…
MIDI tuning standard
MIDI Tuning Standard (MTS) is a specification of precise musical pitch agreed to by the MIDI Manufacturers Association in the MIDI protocol.
Midnight Train to Georgia
"Midnight Train to Georgia" is a song most famously performed by Gladys Knight & the Pips, their second release after departing Motown…
Midwoofer-tweeter-midwoofer
The midwoofer-tweeter-midwoofer loudspeaker configuration (called MTM, for short) was a design arrangement from the late 1960s that…
Mikhail Mishaqa
Mikhail Mishaqa, or Michael Meshaka (Arabic: ميخائيل مشاقة; March 20, 1800 – July 19, 1888), was a Lebanese academic, diplomat and…
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21; NATO reporting name: Fishbed) is a supersonic jet fighter and interceptor…
Millioctave
The millioctave (moct) is a unit of measurement for musical intervals. As is expected from the prefix milli-, a millioctave is defined as…
Mini-Cassette
The Mini-Cassette, often written minicassette, is a magnetic tape analog audio cassette format introduced by Philips in 1967.
Minimum audibility curve
Minimum audibility curve is a standardized graph of the threshold of hearing frequency for an average human, and is used as the reference…
Minnaert resonance
The Minnaert resonance is a phenomenon associated with a gas bubble pulsating at its natural frequency in a liquid, neglecting the effects…
Minor seventh
In music theory, a minor seventh is one of two musical intervals that span seven staff positions. It is minor because it is the smaller of…
Minor third
In music theory, a minor third is a musical interval that encompasses three half steps, or semitones. Staff notation represents the minor…
Mismatch negativity
The mismatch negativity (MMN) or mismatch field (MMF) is a component of the event-related potential (ERP) to an odd stimulus in a sequence…
Missile Impact Location System
The Missile Impact Location System or Missile Impact Locating System (MILS) is an ocean acoustic detection system designed to locate the…
Missing fundamental
The missing fundamental phenomenon is the perceptual phenomenon of hearing a pitch corresponding to the lowest (fundamental) harmonic when…
Mix automation
In music recording, mix automation allows the mixing console to remember the mixing engineer's dynamic adjustment of faders during a…
Mix-minus
In audio engineering, a mix-minus or clean feed is a particular setup of a mixing console or matrix mixer, such that an output of the…
Mixed-order Ambisonics
It is possible to define an Ambisonic signal set with non-uniform resolution depending on source direction. This practice is called…
Mixing engineer
A mixing engineer (or simply mix engineer) is responsible for combining ("mixing") different sonic elements of an auditory piece into a…
Moby Doll's impact in scientific research
Moby Doll, who in 1964 in British Columbia became the second ever captive orca, was the first orca (killer whale) to be studied…
Models of deafness
The three models of deafness are rooted in either social or biological sciences. These are the cultural model, the social model, and the…
Modulated ultrasound
Modulated ultrasound is a form of underwater acoustic communication in which information (such as voice or data) is transmitted through…
Modulation (music)
In music, modulation is the change from one tonality (either a tonic or a mode, or both) to another. This may or may not be accompanied by…
Modulation transformer
A modulation transformer is an audio-frequency transformer that forms a major part of most AM transmitters. The primary winding of a…
Modulatory space
The spaces described in this article are pitch class spaces which model the relationships between pitch classes in some musical system…
Mohr–Tranebjærg syndrome
Mohr–Tranebjærg syndrome (MTS) is a rare X-linked recessive syndrome also known as deafness–dystonia syndrome and caused by mutation in…
Moment of silence
A moment of silence (also referred to as a minute's silence or a one-minute silence) is a period of silent contemplation, prayer…
Monastic silence
Monastic silence is a spiritual practice recommended in a variety of religious traditions for purposes including becoming closer to God…
Monaural sound
Monaural sound or monophonic sound (often shortened to mono) is sound intended to be heard as if it were emanating from one position.
Mondegreen
A mondegreen is a mishearing or misinterpretation of a phrase in a way that gives it a new meaning. Mondegreens are most often created by…
Monotonic scale
A monotonic scale is a musical scale consisting of only one note in the octave. Having a deliberate fixed note, the monotonic is still a…
Monty Python's Tiny Black Round Thing
Monty Python's Tiny Black Round Thing was a 33 rpm flexidisc by Monty Python, released to promote the original release of Monty Python…
Moo box
The moo box or moo can is a toy or a souvenir, also used as a hearing test. When turned upside down, it produces a noise that resembles…
Motional Feedback
Motional Feedback (MFB) is an active high fidelity loudspeaker system which was developed by the Dutch Philips brand in the early 1970s…
Mozart and G minor
G minor has been considered the key through which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart best expressed sadness and tragedy, and many of his minor key…
Mozart's starling
For about three years, the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart kept a pet starling. The starling is remembered for the anecdote of how Mozart…
MP3 Surround
MP3 Surround is an extension of MP3 for multi-channel audio support including 5.1 surround sound. It was developed by Fraunhofer IIS in…
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I is a spectrum of diseases in the mucopolysaccharidosis family. It results in the buildup of…
Mulloka
Mulloka was an Australian-designed sonar system installed on ships of the Royal Australian Navy. It was optimised for the warm and…
Mult box
A mult box is a device that allows a single audio source, such as a microphone, to be shared with multiple outputs for recording or…
Multi-exposure HDR capture
In photography and videography, multi-exposure HDR capture is a technique that creates high dynamic range (HDR) images (or extended…
Multibeam echosounder
A multibeam echosounder (MBES) is a type of sonar that is used to map the seabed. It emits acoustic waves in a fan shape beneath its…
MultiLevel Recording
MultiLevel Recording (ML, also known as M-ary) is a technology originally developed by Optex Corporation and promoted by Calimetrics to…
Multisided record
A multisided record is a type of vinyl record that has more than one groove per side. This technique allows hidden tracks to be encoded on…
Multistable auditory perception
Multistable auditory perception is a cognitive phenomenon in which certain auditory stimuli can be perceived in multiple ways.
Multitrack recording
Multitrack recording (MTR), also known as multitracking, is a method of sound recording developed in 1955 that allows for the separate…
Murder of Jordan Davis
On November 23, 2012, Jordan Davis, an African-American 17-year-old, was murdered in the parking lot of a Gate Petroleum gas station in…
Musashi's
The Musashi's are a musical group in Japan, consisting of five cats owned by musician/songwriter Hideo Saitō. The group is affiliated with…
Music
Music is the arrangement of sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise expressive content. Music is…
Music piracy
Music piracy is the copying and distribution of musical compositions and their associated sound recordings for which the rights owners…
Music source separation
Music source separation (MSS), also known as stem separation, demixing, audio source separation or unmixing, is a technique of separating…
Music streaming service
Music streaming services are a type of online streaming media service that focuses primarily on music, and sometimes other forms of…
Music technology (electronic and digital)
Digital music technology encompasses the use of digital instruments to produce, perform or record music. These instruments vary, including…
Music written in all major or minor keys
There is a long tradition in classical music of writing music in sets of pieces that cover all the major and minor keys of the chromatic…
Musica enchiriadis
Musica enchiriadis is an anonymous musical treatise authored during the 9th century. It is the first surviving attempt to set up a system…
Musical acoustics
Musical acoustics or music acoustics is a multidisciplinary field that combines knowledge from physics, psychophysics, organology…
Musical ear syndrome
Musical ear syndrome (MES) is a condition seen in people who have hearing loss and subsequently develop auditory hallucinations.
Musical hallucinations
Musical hallucinations (also known as auditory hallucinations, auditory Charles Bonnet Syndrome, and Oliver Sacks' syndrome) describes a…
Musical note
In music, notes are distinct and isolatable sounds that act as the most basic building blocks for nearly all of music. This discretization…
Musical road
A musical road is a road, or section of a road, which when driven over causes a tactile vibration and audible rumbling that can be felt…
Musical system of ancient Greece
The musical system of ancient Greece evolved over a period of more than 500 years from simple scales of tetrachords, or divisions of the…
Musical temperament
A musical temperament is a tuning system that slightly compromises the pure intervals of just intonation to meet other requirements.
Musical tone
Traditionally in Western music, a musical tone is a steady periodic sound. A musical tone is characterized by its duration, pitch…
MusicBrainz
MusicBrainz is a project by the MetaBrainz Foundation that aims to create a collaborative music database similar to the freedb project.
Musico
The Italian term musico (pl.: musici) has a number of meanings:
Musipedia
Musipedia is a search engine for identifying pieces of music. This can be done by whistling a theme, playing it on a virtual piano…
Muzzle flash
Muzzle flash is the visible and infrared light created by a muzzle blast, caused by the sudden release and expansion of high-temperature…
Muzzle shroud
A muzzle shroud, linear compensator, blast shield, forward blast diverter, or concussion reduction device (CRD) is a sleeve (either…
MVI
MVI stands for Musical Video Interactive, a DVD-based container format for packing audio, video and interactive visual content (for…
MXR Dyna Comp
The MXR Dyna Comp is an effects unit, which is an electronic device that alters the sound of a musical instrument. This effects unit is…
My Girl (The Temptations song)
"My Girl" is a song recorded by American vocal group the Temptations for the Gordy (Motown) record label in 1964. Written and produced by…
My Heart Will Go On
"My Heart Will Go On" is a song recorded by the Canadian singer Celine Dion as the theme for the 1997 film Titanic. Composed by James…
Mycroft (software)
Mycroft is a free and open-source software virtual assistant that uses a natural language user interface. Its code was formerly copyleft…
Myhre syndrome
Myhre syndrome (MS) is an ultrarare genetic disorder caused by dominant gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the SMAD4 gene. MS mutations…
Myringotomy
A myringotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is created in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to relieve pressure caused by…
Mystic chord
In music, the mystic chord or Prometheus chord is a six-note synthetic chord and its associated scale, or pitch collection, that loosely…
Ménière's disease
Ménière's disease (MD) is a disease of the inner ear characterized by potentially severe and incapacitating episodes of vertigo, tinnitus…