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Shaken and scraped idiophones

Rainstick

The rainstick is a member of the shaken and scraped idiophones (Hornbostel–Sachs 112.13+133.1). Listen to 1 recording and learn how it makes its sound.

Listen to the rainstick

Rainstick
0:15Public domainby BambooBeastWikimedia Commons
0:15

Tip: press play to see the sound's live frequency spectrum in blue over the waveform.

How the rainstick makes its sound

In the Hornbostel–Sachs system, which classifies instruments by how they produce sound, the rainstick belongs to the shaken and scraped idiophones: the body is shaken, scraped or split – rattles, maracas and guiros.

More broadly it is one of the idiophones, where the solid body of the instrument itself vibrates, without strings or a stretched membrane.

Its timbre – the colour that lets you tell it apart from other instruments playing the same note – comes from the mix of overtones its body and resonator emphasise.

From Wikipedia

A rainstick is a long, hollow tube of bamboo or dried cactus that is partially flooded with small pebbles, rice, dried beans, or other hard granular matter. The inside surface of the tube has small pins or thorns arranged helically. When the stick is rotated and held upright, the pebbles fall to the other end of the tube, bouncing off the internal protrusions to create a sound reminiscent of falling rain.

In South America, rainsticks are believed to have been invented by the Mapuche, and was played in the belief it could bring about rainstorms. It was also found further north on the coasts of Chile, potentially having also been used by the Incas. Mapuche rainsticks are usually made from any of several species of cactus such as Eulychnia acida and Echinopsis pachanoi. The cacti, which are hollow, are dried in the sun. The spines are removed, then driven into the cactus like nails. Pebbles or other small objects are placed inside the rainsticks, and the ends are sealed.

Other shaken and scraped idiophones

Frequently asked questions

What does a rainstick sound like?

Listen to 1 recording on this page. As one of the shaken and scraped idiophones, its sound comes from the way the body is shaken, scraped or split.

What type of instrument is the rainstick?

It is classified as shaken and scraped idiophones (Hornbostel–Sachs 112.13+133.1).

Sources & credits